证券市场操纵犯罪的刑法属性及推定规则

Attribute of Criminal Law and Presumption Rules of Property Market Manipulation

信息操纵与交易操纵并用、跨市场操纵等新市场操纵行为样态使刑事规范之滞后与模糊问题更加凸显。解决规范滞后与模糊问题需在厘清证券市场操纵的行为性质基础之上完善规范与建立规则。操纵行为所侵害的抽象法益决定了操纵行为的性质是具体危险犯,故能回应推定非直接因果关系规则成立的正当性。应认为判断操纵行为情节严重的必要因素不是价量变动的大盘(证券市场)股价波动,而是行为是否有影响、控制证券市场价格形成机制的可能性。判断信息操纵时,信息的及时、准确披露与否往往是判断行为异常性、是否操纵的标准之一;交易操纵的判断需要根据行为人身份、交易动机,交易前后的状况、交易形态是否违反投资效率,交易占有率等交易因素来综合考量。

The new market manipulation has made the criminal standards more obscure.The solution should be standard improvement and construction,on the basis of the nature of security manipulation. Securities and futures market price formation and the interests of the investors are the protection benefit market manipulation crimes,Price forming mechanism maintains the lawful rights and interests of investors needs,and determines the nature of market manipulation crime.The market decline or stock price fluctuation are not necessary factors for manipulation.