认知功能障碍的早期识别和筛查

Early identification and screening of cognitive impairment

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是导致认知功能障碍的首位病因,是以记忆力和其他高级认知功能减退为特征的神经退行性疾病。新的AD诊断标准已将诊断提前至AD的临床前期和痴呆症前期阶段。认知功能障碍的早期识别和筛查对AD的预防和干预效果至关重要。本文介绍轻度认知功能障碍的概念、量表评估、生物标志物检测、神经功能影像学检查等方面的研究进展。

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is the leading cause of cognitive impairment, which is characterized by the memory loss and other cognitive dysfunction. The new diagnostic criteria for AD have been advanced to the preclinical and early stages of dementia, thus early identification and screening of cognitive impairment are essential for prevention and effective intervention. In this review, we summarize the progress in the concept of mild cognitive impairment and scale assessment, detection of biomarkers and neuroimaging.