授权原理和多阶段改变健康教育对高血压患者饮食管理效果的影响

Effect of 'empowerment principles and multi stage changes' health education on the dietary management of patients of hypertension

目的探讨授权原理和多阶段改变健康教育对高血压患者饮食管理效果的影响。方法 106例高血压患者随机分为对照组和观察组各53例,对照组给予常规健康教育,观察组给予授权原理和多阶段改变的健康教育;干预6个月后,比较两组患者的血压情况、授权能力、行为改变以及自我管理能力。结果干预前,两组患者收缩压和舒张压的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组患者的收缩压和舒张压均比干预前显著降低,且观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与干预前相比,干预后两组患者的授权能力、饮食自护行为能力评分均显著降低,饮食行为改变比例显著提升,且组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论授权管理和多阶段改变健康教育可以有效改善高血压患者的血压,提升患者的授权能力和饮食自护行为能力,促进患者的行为改变。

Objective To determine the effect of ＇ empowerment principles and multi stage changes＇ health education on the dietary management of patients of hypertension. Method Firstly, 106 patients of hypertension were randomly divided into a control group （n = 53） and an experimental group （n = 53）. The control group were administered with current conventional health education while the experimental group were treated with ＇ empowerment principles and multi stage changes＇ health education. 6 months afterthe intervention, the blood pressure, empowerment, behavior change and self-management ability of the two groups were compared. Findings Before the intervention, no significant difference was found between the two groupsin systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. After the intervention, both groups were found to have lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure with the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the experimental group being significantly lower than those of the control group. The differences werestatistically significant. Compared with before intervention, the empowerment, diet self-care behavior scores of both groups were significantly lower.The diet self-care behavior scores of both groups significantly increased. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion ＇ Empowerment principles and multi stage changes＇ health education can effectively improve the level of blood pressure in hypertensive patients, improve the patient＇ s ability of empowerment and diet self-care behavior and promote the behavior of the patients.