慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险因素

Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是呼吸系统的常见病、多发病,是由多因素共同导致的疾病,其严重威胁中老年人的健康,并增加社会负担。COPD的风险因素很多,且尚不明了,但总体来说包括临床和分子遗传学两个层面,其中临床风险因素包括吸烟、气道高反应性以及环境暴露等多种因素,分子遗传学层面则包括基因在内的多种因素。更好地了解COPD的风险因素以及因素间的相互作用,可以对不同风险因素导致的COPD进行有效干预,其对临床治疗也具有指导意义。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） is a common and frequently-occurring disease of respiratory system caused by multiple factors. COPD is seriously threatening the health of the elderly and increasing the social burden. There are a lot of COPD risk factors and many of them are not clear. But on the whole, risk factors of COPD include clinical factors and molecular genetic factors. Clinical factors include smoking, airway hyperresponsiveness and a variety of factors such as environmental exposure. Genetic factors include gene polymorphism and many others. Understanding of the risk factors of COPD and the interaction between various factors can intervene the progress of the disease and it also has a guiding significance for the clinical treatment.