四种复合肥对春玉米植株磷吸收转运的影响

Effect of Compound Fertilizer on Phosphorus Absorption and Utilization of Spring Maize

为了探讨几种复合肥对玉米植株磷吸收与转运的影响,于2013,2014年在通辽市辽河镇,以常规施肥为对照1(CK1)、不施肥为对照2(CK2),研究沃夫特(WFT)、红四方(HSF)、奥林丹(ALD)和世纪星(SJX)4种复合肥对玉米磷素养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明,HSF 2年产量均居第一位,SJX和WFT次之。穗粒数HSF、WFT和SJX 2年均较高,千粒质量HSF 2年均最大。除大喇叭口期外,茎和籽粒中磷含量各生育期均为SJX最高,叶片中磷含量CK1和SJX较高,穗部磷含量各生育期为CK1最高,植株磷积累量各生育时期均为SJX最高。吐丝前植株磷吸收比例WFT和ALD较高,吐丝后植株磷吸收比例SJX最高;磷转运量及转运率茎中CK1最高,叶片SJX最高,转运对子粒的贡献率茎和叶片均为SJX最高。所以,HSF产量较高,可作为西辽河平原高产复合肥选择之一,SJX可促进玉米植株对磷素养分的吸收,尤其生育后期吸收比例较高,生育后期叶片磷转运率亦较高,亦可作为提高磷肥效率的复合肥选择之一。

In order to explore effect of compound fertilizer on phosphorus absorption and utilization of spring maize,this study was set in the West Liaohe plain in 2013 and 2014,setting no fertilizer（ CK2）,control group（ CK1）,composite fertilizer of maize Wofute（ WFT）,Hongsifang（ HSF）,slow released fertilizer Aolindan（ ALD） and contains humus Shijixing（ SJX） 6 treatments,the effects of different types of compound fertilizer on maize absorption and utilization of phosphorus were studied. The results showed that,HSF output ranking first in two years,SJX＇s and WFT＇s yield were second. The spike of HSF,WFT and SJX were higher in 2013 and 2014,1000-grain weight of HSF were the biggest in these two years. In addition to trumpeting stage,the phosphorus content in stem and grain were the highest of SJX in the growth period,the phosphorus content in leaf of CK1 and SJX reached the maximum,and the phosphorus content in spike was highest of CK1. The phosphorus accumulation amount of SJX was the highest of the plant in each growth stage. The highest absorption ratio of the SJX after silking,the stem of CK1 had the highest amount of transportation and transportation rate of phosphorus,SJX was the highest in leaf,stem and leaf had the highest rate of SJX about the contribution ratio to grain of translocation. So HSF＇s yield was higher,and it could be one of the compound fertilizer for high yield in the West Liaohe plain. SJX promoted the absorption of phosphorousnutrients in maize plants,the phosphorus proportion and transfer rate of leaf was higher in the late growth stage,and it also could be one of the compound fertilizer for increasing efficiency of phosphate in the West Liaohe plain.