问题引导型物理实验自主学习模式的探究

Research on Question-oriented Self-regulated Learning Model in College Experimental Physics

针对大学物理实验开放式教学中大学生自主学习的问题,遵循教育心理学原理,提出问题引导型自主学习模式。将复杂任务拆解成比较简单的阶段性任务,提出问题,引导学生思考,并自行寻找解决方案。问题解决过程不断地从内源性和外源性两方面刺激并维持学生的学习动机。利用RLC电路实验进行探索和实践。教师在原理、技术、数据处理等方面提出各种问题,学生进行针对性的思考,并通过学习讲义、网络搜索、同伴交流等方式,寻找答案,探索可能的解决方案,完成整个实验。通过实验效果对比和问卷调查显示,问题促使学生不断思考,且对其思维方向的影响明显,有明确的引导作用,能够培养学生运用理论知识解决实际问题的能力。为了达到好的效果,应该注意提问技巧,并充分利用现有的物理实验资源。

In order to overcome students＇ difficulty in the self-regulated learning in college experimental physics and conform to the principles of educational psychology,the question-oriented self-regulated learning model was put forward.In the model,a big complex task is disassembled into several small simple staged tasks. For every subtask,a series of questions are then given to lead students to think and find their solutions. During the question-solving process,students＇ learning motivation is continuously stimulated and sustained from endogenous and exogenous aspects. The model is used in RLC circuit experiment. The teacher gives a series of questions on basic principle,experimental technology,data processing and other issues. The students think about questions,look for answers by studying on the teaching materials,web search,peer discussion or other methods,and then explore the possible solution and complete the whole task independently. In the comparison of experimental results and questionnaires,it is shown that the questions cause students to think and have an obvious influence on their thinking direction,and the students＇ ability to use theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems can be cultivated. In order to achieve good results,questioning skills should be paid attention to,and the other existing physical experiment resources should be utilized fully and comprehensively in the question-oriented self-regulated learning model.