三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫塑料的制备研究

Study on preparation of melamine-formaldehyde foam

用三聚氰胺与甲醛溶液在碱性条件下反应制备了三聚氰胺甲醛树脂,将其发泡固化制备三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫塑料。研究了反应时间、三聚氰胺与甲醛的配比、发泡剂用量、固化剂用量、乳化剂用量对三聚氰胺泡沫塑料性能的影响,并对三聚氰胺甲醛树脂进行了红外光谱分析。结果表明,随着反应时间和三聚氰胺与甲醛配比的增大,三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的黏度增大;发泡剂正戊烷的适合用量为树脂质量的9.4%;固化剂甲酸的用量为树脂质量的6.1%时,可以达到发泡和固化同步的效果;乳化剂OP-10的适合用量为树脂质量的5%;三聚氰胺泡沫塑料具有优秀的阻燃性能。

The melamine-formaldehyde resin was prepared under alkaline condition using melamine and formaldehyde,and then cured and foamed.The effects of reaction time,the ratio of melamine and formaldehyde,the amount of foaming agent,curing agent and emulsifier on the property of foam were studied.The results showed that the viscosity of resin increased with increasing the reaction time and the ratio of melamine and formaldehyde.The optimum amount of n-pentane as blowing agent was of 9.4% the mass of melamine-formaldehyde resin.When the amount of formic acid as curing agent was of 6.1% the mass of resin,curing could keep pace with foaming.The optimum amount of OP-10 as emulsifier was of 5% the mass of melamine-formaldehyde resin.The foam had excellent flame retardant property.