匀相水稻秸秆接枝物制备和性能研究

Preparation and property of rice straw grafted copolymer under homogeneous condition

为了有效利用农作物秸秆,降低焚烧对环境的污染,通过超声将水稻秸秆溶解在NaOH/尿素溶液体系,得到了匀相纤维素溶解液,接枝共聚制成高吸水树脂;考察了丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、反应温度、单体与秸秆配合比等因素对产品性质的影响;采用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪和热重分析仪(TG)表征了产物的结构基团和热稳定性。结果表明,在6%(wt,质量分数)NaOH/4%(wt,质量分数)尿素(urea)溶液中,用超声将秸秆制成匀相体系;在温度为65℃,单体与秸秆质量配合比为1∶5,AM与AA质量配合比为1∶2时,高吸水树脂的吸水倍率为780g/g,吸盐水倍率为125g/g,具有良好的吸水性能。

To develop straws reasonably and reduce environmental pollution,the rice straw was used to graft acrylic acid/acrylic amide for produce super absorbent polymer.Wheat straw fibers efficient was dissolved in NaOH/urea solution assisted by ultrasound,a transparent homogeneous cellulose solution was successfully obtained.The effect of reaction temperature,ratio of acrylic acid to acrylic amide and ratio of monomer to wheat staw on the water absorption and salt resistance of copolymer were studied.The structural feature of straws and graft copolymer were also analyzed by FT-IR,XRD and TG.The results showed that when the synthesis condition were the straw fibers processed by 6%（wt）NaOH/4%（wt） urea solution,using ultrasonic made the system uniform phase,the reaction temperature of 65℃,the ratio of monomer to wheat straw of 1∶5 and the ratio of acrylic acid to acrylic amide of 1∶2,a higher water absorbency ratio of 780g/g and an salt water absorbency ratio of 125g/g could be reached,hence the high performance resin was obtain.