传统村落视域下耕读文化发展初探——以黄陂大余湾为中心的考察

A Preliminary Study on the Development of Farming and Reading Culture in the Traditional Villages——A Case Study of Da Yuwan Village In Huangpi

伴随农耕文明的发展,人们逐渐聚村而居、聚族而居,形成了以家族为核心的村落,在以农业人口为主的古代社会,大多数人都生活在村落中。私学兴起和土地私有制确立后,耕田养家和读书教育是人们比较关心的事情,尤其是科举制创立后的上千年时间里,耕读文化在民间很是流行,耕读传家成为很多村落家族的家训家风。耕读文化是中华传统文化的重要组成部分,是一种独特的村落记忆,是农耕文明研究绕不开的一部分,是传统村落保护理应加以重视的内容,也是培育地方乡贤和精英、构建新型乡土文化、树立文明乡风、建设美丽乡村和留住乡愁应该积极弘扬和传播的正能量。传统村落可通过发展特色农业,开展农业休闲观光旅游,开办耕读学堂。

Along with the development of farming civilization, people gathered in the villages gradually, and formed villages that taken clans as the core. In the ancient society that agricultural population predominated, most people live in the village. After the rise of private school and the establishment of land private ownership, farming to support a family and education is a matter of concern to people, especially the thousands of years after the establishment of the imperial examination system, farming culture was very popular, farming and reading to keep family become the family percepts in many families. Farming and reading culture is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, is a kind of unique farming civilization study, is the content which traditional village the positive energy that should actively promote and spread village memory, is a portion of the protection should pay attention to, and also is to cultivate local country sages and elites, to build a new local culture, to establish a civilized country custom, to build a beautiful country and keep the nostalgia. Traditional villages can inherit and excavate farming and reading culture through the development of characteristic agriculture, agricultural leisure sightseeing tourism, setting up farming and reading school, and rational use of village cultural heritage.