师范类大学生生涯适应力研究

Career adaptability of students from normal universities

目的探讨师范类大学生生涯适应力的现状,为我国教育工作者更好地了解和把握师范类大学生的职业心理特点,进而促进国内师范类大学生的教育教学工作提供职业心理学调研依据和参考。方法采用随机抽样方法,在贵州省4所普通高等师范院校抽取471名在校本科生作为研究对象,采用生涯适应力问卷(CSCAQ)评估研究对象的生涯适应力水平。结果研究对象CSCAQ生涯人际因子得分为3.76±0.61,生涯好奇因子得分为3.49±0.73,生涯控制因子得分为3.13±0.72,生涯自信因子得分为3.68±0.62,生涯调适因子得分为3.76±0.57,生涯关注因子得分为3.57±0.64。不同性别研究对象CSCAQ各因子得分比较,女生在生涯人际与生涯自信2个因子上的得分高于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年级研究对象在生涯人际、生涯好奇、生涯自信、生涯调适、生涯关注5个因子上的得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);父母文化程度不同研究对象在生涯人际、生涯好奇、生涯控制、生涯自信、生涯关注5个因子上的得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论目前师范类大学生对生涯发展的认识还有一定的片面性,且不同性别、年级及父母文化程度不同的师范类大学生其生涯适应力水平有差别。若想进一步提升师范类大学生的生涯适应力水平,可以从政府、学校及师范类大学生自身3个方面入手。

Objective To investigate the current situation of career adaptability of students from normal university and help teachers understand the characteristics of students＇occupational psychology better in our countries,thus to improve reference and basis for the study and research on this kind of students＇career adaptability.Methods 471 students from 4normal universities and colleges in Guizhou Province were randomly selected to investigate and evaluate their levels of career adaptability with College Students＇Career Adaptability Questionnaire（CSCAQ）.Results The scores of the students got on career interpersonal,career curiosity,career control,career confidence,career adjustment and career concerns were 3.76±0.61,3.49±0.73,3.13±0.72,3.68±0.62,3.76±0.57 and 3.57±0.64 respectively.Comparing the CSCAQ scores of there students with different gender,female students scored higher on the career interpersonal and career confidence and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）;compering the CSCAQ scores of students from different grades,the differences on career interpersonal,career curiosity,career adjustment,career confidence and career concerns showed statistical significance（P〈0.05）;while comparing scores of students whose parents of different educational levels,the results had different statistical significance on career interpersonal,career curiosity,career control,career confidence and career concerns（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The present study on the career development of normal universities and colleges＇students is incomplete and there are differences of career adaptability between students with different genders,grades and parents of different educational levels.To improve the students＇career adaptability from normal universities and colleges,governments,colleges and the students who graduated from normal colleges could make a difference.