头痛的中医诊疗理论框架

Analysis on Diagnosis and Treatment Theory Framework of Traditional Chinese Headache

梳理先秦至明清时期关于头痛的中医古文献,理清头痛疾病的源流发展;参酌历代医家的真知灼见,分析头痛的中医理论框架结构。在疾病病名方面,头痛有"首风"、"头风"、"偏头痛"、"气虚头痛"等之称,且其命名规律与病变部位、发病因素等密切相关;在证候分析方面,辨证头痛应首分外感、内伤,次辨虚实、阴阳;在临床治疗方面,先"审是病因,更察兼症",在表里、虚实辨证的引导下,根据头痛辨证分型给予相应的治疗药物;在治疗途径方面,融合了针刺、艾灸、方药内服、中药外洗、按摩等多种方法。

By the means of ancient literature of TCM from Qin to Ming and Qing dynasties,we get clear on the origin development of headache. Based on the high perspicacity of ancient physicians,we build up a systematic theory system of TCM of headache. In the name of the disease,headache includes facial attack by wind,wind syndrome of head,migraine and headache with deficiency qi,etc and the naming patterns of headache depends on the diseased region,pathogenic factors and so on. In the pathogeny and mechanism,the main cause of headache is divided into exogenous and internal injuries,followed by deficiency and excess,Yin-Yang. In the clinical therapy,ancient physicians give appropriate medication in terms of TCM syndrome differentiation. In the therapeutic approach,there are multiple ways to treat the headache,such as acupuncture,moxibustion,internal or external use of the prescriptions.