地下水源热泵回灌堵塞的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of recharge clogging of groundwater heat pump

地下水源热泵回灌堵塞现象制约了地下水源热泵的可持续发展,因此需要根据其堵塞机理寻找解决方法。回灌堵塞按成因分为物理堵塞、化学堵塞和生物堵塞三种类型。本文总结了这三种类型回灌堵塞的产生机理和解决方法的研究现状,根据目前研究中存在的问题,展望了回灌堵塞研究领域未来的发展趋势。

Background, aim, and scope Groundwater heat pump system is widely used in indoor heating and refrigeration. Because this system is green, economic and stability. But the recharging efficiency decreased in the practice of groundwater heat pump system. Even a serious recharge clogging appeared. Partial clogging serious recharge wells will be completely scrapped. This situation wasted money and resources, which restricted the sustainable development of underground source heat pump system. Materials and methods In this paper, the current research status and solution methods of recharge clogging were summarized. And the future development direction of recharge clogging was prospected. Results Recharge clogging had three types： physical, chemical and biological. Physical clogging included suspended solids clogging and gas clogging. Suspended solids clogging was most common. Suspended particle size affected clogging location and its distribution in porous media. Mathematical model was used to study the mechanism and forecast of physical clogging. Heavy metal ions caused chemical clogging. Ferric hydroxide precipitation was common. And the precipitation of calcite and silicon compounds could cause chemical clogging too. Biological clogging accompanied by physical and chemical clogging. Metabolites produced by microorganisms caused biological clogging. Mathematical modeling based on microbial growth model could forecast biological clogging. Using molecular biology methods could study the clogging mechanism deeply. At present, the main method to solve clogging was backwashing and washing well. Other method are acidification treatment and sterilization, etc.. Discussion Recharge dogging was a comprehensive performance of variety clogging types. At present, the research results of physical clogging and chemical clogging mechanism were relatively mature. But the study of biological clogging mechanism was less or not deeply. The solve methods of physical clogging and chemical clogging were more mature, but the solve methods of biological clogging were less. Conclusions Groundwater heat pump clogging had three types. And so far there was no perfect solution to eliminate clogging. But according to the clogging situation, the researchers provided a rapid way to eliminate recharge clogging, such as backwashing, washing wells, etc.. Recommendations and perspectives Further study can focus on the rule of multi factors on recharge clogging, and the model establishes for the study of the mechanism of clogging. Biological clogging mechanism is studied using metagenomic research methods. Research and utilization of microbial solution recharge clogging problem is a new research direction in the future.