某宿舍空调安装前后人体热适应性对比研究

Occupants' Adaptation of Thermal Environment before and after Air-conditioner Installation in Dormitory

为了研究空调安装对人体适应偏热气候环境的影响,本文在2008年和2016年的夏季某大学宿舍空调安装前后,分别对人员环境评价与调节行为特征进行了问卷调查。研究发现,空调安装后夏季热环境满意度明显提高,偏热气温下的热感觉得到很大改善,但空调的使用也使得闷和吹风感的比例明显增加,注意力不集中,眼部和口鼻喉不适症状发生率也显著提高。随着空调取代电风扇作为偏热气温下的主要调节方式,人体对偏热气候环境的热适应能力有所降低,偏好的调节行为也由使用风扇,喝冷饮,冲凉和加减衣物等手段为主,转变为以空调,风扇和门窗这一类设备的使用为主。

This study conducted a field survey in Chongqing during summer in 2008 and 2016 aimed at surveying assessment and environmental regulation behavior before and after air-conditioner installation. This study finds that after installing air-conditioner, human＇s satisfaction of thermal environment increases, but the feeling of stuffiness and blowing also increases. Air-conditioner is a dangerous factor of causing inattention, uncomfortableness of eyes, mouth, nose and throat. As air-conditioner replaces electric fan, human＇s thermal adaptability to high-temperature environment decreases, and the preferred adjusted behavior has changed from using electric fan, having cold drinking and so on to using air-conditioner, fan, opening or closing windows.