复合型电磁轨道的多物理场耦合分析

Multi Physical Field Coupling Analysis of Composite Electromagnetic Track

电磁轨道炮在发射时,轨道和电枢均处在强电磁场中,电枢和轨道局部处在高温和高压力作用下,且各物理场间相互耦合作用。分析轨道在耦合场作用下的温度分布和应力分布是十分重要的。在分析了电磁轨道炮发射状态下的电磁场、温度场和机械场的多物理场条件的基础上,给出了相应的控制方程,建立了铜基复合型轨道在发射状态下的电磁、热、机的耦合场的三维计算模型,计算了发射状态下复合轨道的电流密度分布、温度场和应力场,分析了轨道基层、轨道复合层以及电枢温度分布的特征,讨论了影响轨道内侧表面应力分布的因素。

In the launching of electromagnetic railgun, the rail and armature are in strong magnetic field, and the armature and track are under the action of high temperature and high pressure. More- over, the physical fields are mutually coupled. It is important to study the distribution of temperature and stress in the track under coupling field conditions. In this paper, an analysis was conducted of the multi-physical conditions of electromagnetic railgun in the launching state, with the physical field in- cluding electromagnetic field, temperature field and mechanical field. The governing equations were given; a three-dimensional computational model of the electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical cou- pling field of copper based on composite track was presented ; the current density distribution, tempera- ture field and stress field of the composite orbit were calculated; the characteristics of the temperature distribution of track base, track composite layer and armature were analyzed; the factors affecting the stress distribution on the inner surface of the track were discussed.