伞形风力机功率输出特性的试验研究

Experiment on power output characteristics of umbrella wind turbine

介绍了伞形调节机构的组成和工作原理,对下风向风力机受到的塔影效应进行理论分析,并利用风洞对伞形调节机构进行稳态风试验.试验验证了5 k W伞形风力机和伞形调节机构设计的合理性与实用性;得到了受塔影效应较为严重的60.0°收缩角时的功率特性曲线,并分析了不同功率特性曲线现象发生的原因;发现了风轮收缩角为50.0°~62.0°,风速为13.5~17.0 m/s伞形风力机功率输出特性曲线出现衰减现象;提出了在伞形风力机叶片中心附近增加不同数量和不同形状导流板的假设,从而减小功率衰减现象对伞形风力机在应对复杂气候条件下功率输出的影响.试验可以为风力机设计人员提供很好的参考价值,并且对复杂气候条件下风力发电技术的应用研究具有理论和工程应用价值.

The output power of the umbrella wind turbine is affected by tower shadow effect, stall, wind shear and other related factors. In the light of the speciality of its umbrella adjusting mode, the composition and working principle of the umbrella adjusting mechanism were introduced, the tower shadow effect of leeward wind turbine were analyzed in the theory, and the steady state wind experi- ment on the umbrella adjusting mechanism were carried out using wind tunnel. The experiment verified that the design of 5 kW umbrella wind turbine and the adjusting mechanism is reasonable and practical. The power characteristic curve was severely affected by the tower shadow effect when the pinch angle was 60°. The causes of different power characteristic curves were analyzed, finding the attenuation of the machine bevel power output characteristic curve at the wind wheel pinch of 50° - 62°and the wind speed of 13.5 m/s - 17.0 m/s. The assumption of the increase of different numbers and shapes of guide plates in the vicinity of the umbrella wind turbine blades were put forward, thereby reducing the influence of the power attenuation on the power output for the umbrella wind turbine to cope with complex climatic conditions. The experiment provides a good reference for the design of the wind turbine and it is of the theoretical and engineering application value to the research on the wind power generation technology under complex climatic conditions.