全向传感器网络中基于虚拟力的三维覆盖增强算法

Three-Dimensional Coverage Enhancing Algorithm Based on Virtual Force in All-Directional WSN

针对全向传感器网络中的三维覆盖增强问题,简单的把二维覆盖增强算法扩展到三维空间,会存在覆盖性能不稳定、能耗大等缺陷,提出了一种基于虚拟力的三维覆盖增强算法.该算法通过传感器之间的节点斥力和节点引力以及传感器与目标区域边界之间的边界斥力来确保传感器的均匀分布,并使用覆盖因子来消除传感器的无效移动.仿真结果表明,所提算法不仅具有较好的收敛性,还能够显著地提高无线传感器网络的覆盖率.

In order to enhance the three dimensional coverage, if two -dimensional coverage enhancing algorithms were simply converted into three dimensional coverage enhancing algorithms, the performance of the three dimensional coverage would be not stable and energy consumption would be increased. To solve the problems, a new three dimensional coverage enhancing algorithm based on virtual force is proposed. The proposed algorithm uses node repulsion, node attraction and boundary repulsion to ensure the uniform distribution of the sensors. Meanwhile, coverage factor is used to eliminate the unproductive movement. The simulation demonstrates that the proposed algorithm has better convergence and higher coverage rate.