哮喘缓解期患儿小气道功能的监测及临床意义

The monitor and clinical significance of small airways function in children with asthma in remission stage

目的监测哮喘缓解期患儿小气道功能变化并分析其临床意义。方法选取2013年1月~2015年12月期间收治的100例哮喘缓解期患儿为观察组作为研究对象,并选取同一时期健康儿童50例作为对照组,所有受试者均接受肺功能检查。观察组患儿检查后接受6个月的观察并根据发作情况进行分级,比较不同患儿的大气道功能指标用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)及FEV1/FVC)和小气道功能指标最大呼气中期流速(MMEF75/25)、不同呼吸量的瞬间流速(FEF)25、50及75。结果与对照组相比,观察组患儿的FVC、PEF、FEV1及FEV1/FVC无明显变化(P>0.05),MMEF75/25、FEF25、FEF50及FEF75显著降低(P<0.05);两组儿童的FVC、PEF、FEV1及FEV1/FVC比较差异无统计学(P>0.05),MMEF75/25、FEF25、FEF50及FEF75的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哮喘缓解期患儿仍存在小气道功能受损,小气道功能监测对患儿发作风险具有提示作用。

Objective To study the change of small airways function in children with asthma in remission stage and analyze its significance.Methods From January 2013 to December 2015, 100 children with asthma in remission stage were chosen as study objects. At the same time, 50 healthy children were chosen as control group. All the subjects underwent lung function examination. All children with asthma were followed up for 6 months, and divided into different groups according the frequency and severity of asthmatic attack. The large airways function （FVC, PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC） and small airways function（MMEF75/25, FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75） were compared among different children. Results Compared those with control group, FVC, PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of asthma children had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. The MMEF75/25, FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 significantly decreased （P〈0.05）. The FVC, PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC had no significant difference among different groups asthma children（P〉0.05）. The difference of MMEF75/25, FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 demonstrated statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Children with asthma in remission stage are still detected impaired small airways function, which demonstrates relativity with asthmatic attack.