水环境中滥用药物的环境学研究进展

Environmental studies on drugs of abuse in the aquatic environment

滥用药物是一类非医用并被法律明令禁止使用的药物,近年来在世界各地的不同水环境中,包括污水、地表水、地下水甚至饮用水中均有检出,被视为一类新型污染物,逐渐成为环境领域的研究热点之一.本文在总结了国内外滥用药物相关环境学研究进展的基础上,对水环境中滥用药物的生态毒性、污染来源和途径、不同水体中的污染现状、环境行为及风险评估等进行了综述,总结了当前水环境中滥用药物分析检测方法和污水流行病学研究进展,并进一步分析了我国目前在滥用药物研究方面的现状,提出了该领域今后的研究方向和重点.

Drugs of abuse belong to the emerging contaminants that have drawn much attention of from both academic and regulatory communities. They have been widely detected in wastewater,surface water,groundwater and even in drinking water around the world,and have become a hot topic in environmental research. This paper reviewed the current state of knowledge on drugs of abuse, including their ecotoxicity, the sources and migration paths, the occurrence and concentration levels in different matrices,the environmenta fate,and environmental risk assessment.Meanwhile,the analytical methods and sewage epidemiology of drugs of abuse were also reviewed.The current research advance on drugs of abuse in China was summarized,and the field of research prospects were proposed as well in this paper.