贵州3种香气类型烟叶产区植烟土壤活性有机质与有机氮的含量特征

Characteristics of Active Soil Organic Matter and Organic Nitrogen Content in Tobacco-growing Areas with Three Different Flavor Types in Guizhou

【目的】了解贵州不同香气类型烟叶植烟土壤的活性有机质及有机氮组分含量特征,为不同香气风格类型烟叶植烟土壤的定向培育和烟叶品质调控提供参考。【方法】以K326烤烟品种为试验材料,贵州中间香型、偏清香型和清香型3种典型香气风格类型烟叶产区植烟土壤为研究对象,采用田间试验与实验室指标检测相结合方法,在烤烟生长期研究3种香气风格类型烟叶产区植烟土壤活性有机质和有机氮含量的变化特征。【结果】贵州中间香型、偏清香型和清香型3种典型香气风格类型烟叶产区植烟土壤有机氮组分的含量均为氨基酸态氮>氨态氮>氨基糖态氮,土壤活性有机质组分的含量为活性有机质>中活性有机质>高活性有机质。在不同香气类型烟叶产区植烟土壤活性有机质的含量均为清香型>偏清香型>中间香型,有机氮各组分在还苗期、团棵期、打顶期的变化趋势存在差异,但从打顶期到脚叶成熟期均呈减少趋势,减少幅度为清香型>偏清香型>中间香型。在烤烟生育期,清香型和偏清香型烟叶产区土壤中活性有机质和活性有机质组分的含量减少,减少幅度均为清香型>偏清香型,而中间香型烟叶产区土壤中活性有机质和活性有机质组分的含量均增加。【结论】3种典型香气风格类型烟叶产区植烟土壤的活性有机质和有机氮各组分含量的变化趋势多较一致,但在各组分间含量差异较大。

[ Objective ] This study aimed to discuss the characteristics of active organic matter and organic nitrogen components content in tobacco-planting soils of different tobacco-growing areas with different tobacco flavor types in Guizhou and provide a reference for directive breeding and tobacco quality regulation of tobacco-planting soils with different tobacco flavor types. [ Method] The variation characteristics of active organic matter and organic nitrogen content in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with three different tobacco flavor types （ fen-flavor, middle flavor and partial fen-flavor） were studied by the field text and laboratory index analysis during growth period of K326 （ a tobacco variety）. [ Result] The content of organic nitrogen components in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with three different tobacco flavor typos is amino acid nitrogen 〉 ammonia nitrogen 〉 ammonia sugar nitrogen and the content of active organic matter compo- nents in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with three different tobacco flavor types is active organic matter 〉 medium active organic matter 〉 high active organic matter. The content of active organic matter in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with three different tobacco flavor types is fen-flavor 〉 partial fen-flavor 〉 meddle flavor. There are differences in content variation of different organic nitrogen components among seedling, resettling and topping stage but the content of different organic nitrogen components presents a declining trend from topping stage to bottom leaf maturity stage and the declining range is fen-flavor 〉 partial fen-flavor 〉 meddle flavor. The content of active organic matter and active organic matter components in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with fen-flavor and partial fen-flavor decreases during growth period of K326 and its decrease range is fen-flavor 〉 partial fen-flavor. The content of active organic matter and active organic matter components in tobacco-planting soil of tobaccogrowing areas with middle flavor type increases. [ Conclusion] The content variation trend of active organic matter and active organic matter components in tobacco-planting soils of tobacco-growing areas with three different tobacco flavor types is no difference basically but there is an obvious difference in content of different components.