佛坪自然保护区野外巡护监测结果的初步探讨

A Study of Field Monitoring in Foping Nature Reserve,China

野生动物的巡护监测对生物多样性的管理具有重要的作用。西方发达国家早已开展标准化的长期监测,然而在我国这样的监测起步较晚。本文以佛坪国家级自然保护区2011年~2012年两年的野外巡护数据为基础,分析该区域内大中型哺乳动物的种群分布及动态,结果发现该区域内9种哺乳动物的年均痕迹密度具有显著差异;此外,在分布海拔和生境利用特征上也具有差异,以减少种间的竞争而达到共存。并且除大熊猫和扭角羚外,其他物种种群数量有下降趋势,针对此趋势也提出了相关保护建议。最后,就监测的数据和结果来看,此监测方法对其他保护区具有借鉴意义。

Field monitoring plays an important role in biology conservation and biodiversity management. In some western developed countries, they have carried out the standardized regular monitoring for a long time. While in China, long-term monitoring started relatively late. The raw data of field monitoring was analyzed in Foping Nature Reserve in 2011 - 2012. The results demonstrated that average trace density of 9 kinds of mammals had significant differences in this area. Besides, they also had some differences in mean elevation and habitat utilization. Many species population had decreased except for giant pandas and takins （Budorcas taxicolov）, on which some specific advices were given. At last, the monitoring results of Foping Reserve had reference meaning for other reserves.