影响番茄可溶性固形物含量的相关因素研究

Research on Related Factors Influencing Content of Soluble Solids in Tomato

以大棚栽培的番茄为材料,研究了不同品种、施肥方式、授粉方式对番茄可溶性固形物含量的影响,结果表明:在影响番茄可溶性固形物含量的诸多因素中,品种是内在因素又是决定性因素,品种间差异比较大,大果番茄可溶性固形物含量显著低于樱桃番茄,樱桃番茄中部分品种间的差异也达到了显著水平,其中小黄冠、金珠、小霞的可溶性固形物含量最高;施用优质的有机肥及一定量的磷肥为基肥与追施一定量的氮、钾肥相结合,对番茄可溶性固形物的含量有一定的影响,但与对照相比差异均未达到显著水平;与自然授粉相比,点花和使用振荡授粉器授粉对番茄可溶性固形物含量的影响均不显著。

The effects of variety,fertilization mode and pollination mode on the content of soluble solids in greenhouse tomato were researched. The results showed that variety is an intrinsic and decisive factor among many factors influencing the content of soluble solids in tomato. The content of soluble solids in large-fruit tomato varieties was significantly lower than that of cherry tomato varieties; among some cherry tomato varieties,the differences in soluble solid content also reached a significant level,and the contents of soluble solids in Xiaohuangguan,Jinzhu and Xiaoxia were at top 3 level. The application of high-quality organic fertilizer combined with a certain amount of phosphorus fertilizer as base fertilizer and a certain amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer as topdressing had a certain effect on the content of soluble solids in tomato,but this effect did not reach a significant level. In comparison with the natural pollination,both the dot-flower treatment and the oscillatory-pollinator-assistant pollination had no significant effects on the content of soluble solids in tomato.