野生紫斑百合多倍体诱导研究

Studies on Polyploidy Induction of Wild Lilium nepalense D. Don

【目的】对野生紫斑百合丛生芽进行多倍体诱导,以期获得多倍体新种质。【方法】以野外采集的野生紫斑百合为材料,以秋水仙素为诱变剂,分别采用浸泡法和混培法处理野生紫斑百合试管苗不定芽,比较分析不同处理方式、不同质量浓度及不同处理时间的秋水仙素对野生紫斑百合的诱变效果,并通过形态、气孔和细胞学观测鉴定变异植株。【结果】用浸泡法进行多倍体诱导,秋水仙素的最佳浓度为0.3%,最佳处理时间为12 h,变异率达到10.0%;用秋水仙素混培法进行染色体加倍的最佳浓度为0.7%,诱变率达到46.67%。通过鉴定,初步筛选出了野生紫斑百合的四倍体植株。【结论】秋水仙素的浸泡法和混培法均可诱导获得野生紫斑百合的多倍体,但以混培法诱导效果较好。

[ Purpose] To induce the polyploid and it was expected to obtain new polyploidy germ- plasm of wild Lilium rtepalense. [ Methods] The adventitious buds of wild L. nepalense were respec- tively treated with colchicines by soaking and mixing culture method, and the inducing effects of col- chicine at different treatments, mass concentrations, and duration time were investigated. In addition, the variant plants were identified by morphological, stomatal and cytological observations. [ Results ] The soaking method was applied for polyploid induction, the optimum concentration of colchicine was 0. 3 %, and the optimum time duration was 12 h, with the mutagenic rate as 10. 0 %. When the mix- ing culture method was applied for chromosome doubling, the optimum concentration of colchicine was 0.7 %, and the mutagenic rate was 46.67 %. Through the identification, the tetraploid plants of wild L. nepalense were screened out. [ Conclusion] Both of soaking and mixing culture method with col-chicine could be used for polyploidy induction of wild L. nepalense, but the effect of mixing culture method with colchicine was better.