5岁儿童注意网络的性别差异

Gender difference of attentional network in 5-year old children

目的:考察5岁儿童的注意功能是否存在性别差异。方法:选取幼儿园大班儿童70名[其中女童31人,平均年龄(62.5±2.6)月;男童39人,平均年龄(63.3±2.8)月],进行注意网络功能测验(ANT),比较女童和男童在警觉、定向和执行控制功能上的成绩。结果:儿童完成注意网络任务的正确率达到90%以上;男童的警觉网络效应大于女童[(139±54)ms vs.(109±49)ms,P<0.05]。男童与女童在定向网络和执行控制网络的成绩差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:5岁儿童已有充分能力完成注意网络测验,并且5岁男童的警觉功能可能更强。

Objective： To investigate gender differences in the attentional network in 5-year-old children. Methods： A totally of 70 healthy children [31 girls,（ 62. 5 ± 2. 6 months old; 39 boys,（ 63. 3 ± 2. 8）months old] from the top class of kindergarten were enrolled in the study. A modified version of the Attention Network Test（ ANT） was used to assess the attentional networks（ alerting,orienting,and executive control）. Results：The mean rate of accuracy was higher than 90%. A significant gender difference was found in the alerting network,boys scored higher than girls [（ 139 ± 54） ms vs.（ 109 ± 49） ms,P 〈0. 05]. No gender difference was found in the orienting or executive control networks（ P〉 0. 05）. Conclusion： It suggests that 5-year-old children are fully capable of completing the attentional networks test,and the 5-year-old boy＇ s alert function may be stronger than that of girls.