直线翼垂直轴风力机气动特性研究综述

A review on aerodynamic characteristics of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine

直线翼垂直轴风力机是当前升力型垂直轴风力机的典型代表,凭借着无需对风、结构简单、造型独特等优点在中小型风能利用领域受到越来越多的关注。但由于其气动特性复杂,且研究时间相对较短,尚有许多问题需要研究,还有很广阔的发展空间。本文以直线翼垂直轴风力机的气动特性研究为对象,介绍了风力机气动特性研究历程、研究现状、主要工作原理,及气动特性分析理论、常用的研究方法,尤其是对如何改善直线翼垂直轴风力机在低风速下的起动特性问题和高转速下的气动特性发挥问题的国内外研究进展进行了分析和总结,并对今后的研究趋势进行了展望。

Straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine （SB-VAWT） is typical representative of lift type vertical axis wind turbine at present. It has been received more and more attentions in small and medium scale wind energy utilization field due to the advantages of wind direction independence, simple structure, and unique shape. However, there are still some problems need to be studied because of its complex aerodynamic characteristics and relatively short studied time. The SB-VAWT has a broad development space. In this paper, the researches on aerodynamic characteristics of the SB-VAWT were discussed. Firstly, the brief history of the VAWT and its research status were reviewed. Then, we introduced the main principle, aerodynamic characteristics analysis theory, and common research methods. Especially, the research progress was analysed and summarized on how to improve its starting performance at low wind speed and aerodynamic output characteristics at high rotational speed. The future research trend was also prospected.