不同耕作方式对糜子产量及水分利用效率的影响

Effect of Different Tillage Techniques on Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Broomcorn Millet

[目的]研究不同耕作方式对糜子干物质积累量、土壤含水量、水分利用效率以及产量的影响。[方法]采用深耕、传统耕作、免耕、旋耕4种耕作方式,以晋黍9号为材料,分析不同耕作方式的糜子干物质积累量、土壤含水量、水分利用效率以及产量。[结果]深耕、免耕、旋耕这3种耕作措施的干物质积累速度和积累量要明显高于传统耕作,且深耕最为明显;深耕在0~100 cm处的土壤含水量高于其它耕作方式,且土壤贮水量最大,水分利用效率排序依次为深耕>旋耕>免耕>传统耕作;穗粒重、千粒重和产量都以深耕处理的最大,传统耕作方式的最小。研究表明在四种耕作方式中,深耕有利于糜子产量和水分利用效率的提高。[结论]在干旱、半干旱的糜子主产区,深耕是最有利于糜子生长的耕作方式。

[ Objective ] The effects of different tillage techniques on the dry matter accumulation,soil water content,water use efficiency and yield of broomcom millet were studied. [ Method] The test set the following 4 kinds of tillage techniques：deep tillage, traditional tillage and no-tillage and rotary tillage techniques. [ Result ] The dry matter accumulation rate and accumulated amount of the three cultivation measures were signifi- cantly higher than those of the conventional tillage ,and the deep tillage was the most obvious. The soil water content of deep tillage at 0 - I00 cm was higher than that of other tillage techniques. The water storage of soil was the highest,and the order of water use efficiency was deep tillage 〉 ~tary tillage 〉 no-tillage 〉 traditional tillage. Grain weight per spike, 1000-grain weight and yield were the highest in deep plowing and the least in traditional tillage. The results showed that deep tillage was beneficial to yield and water use efficiency in four farming techniques. [ Conclusion] Deep tillage was beneficial to the growth of broomcorn millet in arid and semiarid area of arid Broomcorn millet.