基于贫困人口感知的乡村旅游扶贫绩效评价研究——以湘西自治州为例

Poverty Alleviation Performance Evaluation of Rural Tourism Based on the Perception of Poverty Population——a Case Study of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

结合层次分析法与变异系数法,从思想扶助、发展机遇、发展环境三个维度构建基于贫困居民感知的旅游扶贫绩效评价体系。选取湘西自治州建档立卡的贫困居民作为调查对象,结果发现:(1)从整体层面来看,贫困居民对湘西自治州的乡村旅游绩效呈正面感知,对旅游思想扶助维度与发展环境维度绩效的感知较强,而对发展机遇维度的感知相对较弱。(2)贫困居民对旅游宣传、政策参与、基础设施完善、资源保护等方面正面绩效感知显著,但对收入效益、贷款渠道、文化认同、生态环境等方面感知不敏感。(3)从各个具体指标来看,是否参与旅游使得贫困居民对旅游扶贫绩效感知存在显著差异。文章提出增强产业联动性、针对帮扶等建议来帮助提升乡村旅游扶贫绩效。

Adopting the methods of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Coefficient of Variation, this study establishes the poverty alle- viation performance evaluation system of rural tourism based on the perception of poverty population from three aspects of ideological as- sistance, development opportunity, and development environment. Using the data from the poor residents in Xiangxi Autonomous Pre- fecture, we find the following results. ①Generally, the poor residents have positive perceptions of rural tourism performance. The resi- dents＂ perceptions of performance in respect of ideological assistance and development environment are stronger, while their perceptions of performance in regard to development opportunity are weaker. ②The poor residents have significant perceptions of tourism publicity, policy participation, infrastructure improvement and resource protection, while their perceptions of revenue performance, loan channel, cultural identity, ecological environment are not significant. ③Taking into account of each specific indicator, whether or not the local poor residents participate in the tourism development will lead to significant differences in how they perceive the tourism performance in terms of poverty alleviation. This study proposes some？ suggestions, such as strengthening the industrial linkage, providing targeted assistance, to improve the performance of rural tourism in regard to poverty alleviation.