考虑结构、材料和工艺要求的复合材料B柱优化

Optimization of Composite B-pillar with Considerations of Structures,Materials and Processes Requirements

为实现汽车轻量化,提高汽车耐撞性,并考虑汽车B柱结构形式和材料特性,采用了一种复合材料B柱削层结构。利用复合材料可通过削层工艺方便地实现变截面厚度的特性,分两步对复合材料B柱削层结构进行了多目标的优化。首先,通过分析B柱结构形式确定削层区域,以轻量化为目标,构建代理模型并采用多岛遗传算法进行优化,得到各个子层区域的铺层层数。然后,综合考虑削层结构的工艺和性能特点,研究不同铺层角度和铺层顺序对耐撞性的影响,确定了铺层最佳方案。最终结果表明,在满足工艺要求的条件下,复合材料B柱结构的质量减轻了61.4%,并提升了整车在顶压和侧面碰撞中的耐撞性。

In order to achieve lightweighting and enhance the crashworthiness of vehicle,a ply drop-off structure for composite B-pillar is adopted with considerations on structural and material characteristics of B-pillar.By utilizing the feature of composite material of being able to easily obtain variable section thickness through ply drop-off process,a multi-objective optimization on the ply drop-off structure of composite B-pillar is performed with two steps.Firstly ply drop-off regions are determined by analyzing the structural form of B-pillar,surrogate model is constructed and a simulation is carried out with multi-island genetic algorithm with lightweighting as objective to determine the ply number of each sublaminate.Then with concurrent considerations of.characteristics of process and performance of ply drop-off structure,the effects of different ply angles and stacking-sequences on the crashworthiness of vehicle are analyzed with the optimal scheme of laminate determined.The final results show that on the premise of meeting process requirements,the mass of composite B-pillar structure reduces by 61.4% with the crashworthiness of vehicle in overturn and side crash enhanced.