中国全要素农田水利效率的地区差异和门槛效应研究

A Study of Area Difference and Threshold Effect of Total Factor Productivity of Farmland Water Conservancy in China

农田水利作为我国农业基础设施投资的重要组成部分,对农业经济增长及农民增收具有重要影响。基于DEA在全要素生产的框架,构建全面衡量我国农田水利效率的指标--全要素农田水利效率,选取2001—2015年省级面板数据,运用DEA-Malmquist方法测算31个省的全要素农田水利效率,并对不同区域农田水利效率进行对比分析。研究结果表明我国全要素农田水利效率存在明显地区差异,东北地区效率最高、超过农业大省聚集的华东和华中地区;全要素农田水利效率与区域经济发展水平存在不完全匹配现象,主要与农田水利效率及影响因素之间的非线性关系有关。基于农田水利效率省际差异,采用门槛回归模型检验影响全要素农田水利效率的门槛特征,研究结果显示:农村经济发展水平对农田水利全要素生产率存在显著的收敛门槛效应、机械动力投入对农田水利全要素生产率存在明显的加速门槛效应。

Irrigation and water conservancy is an important part of agricultural infrastructure investment,which has important impact on agricultural economic growth and farmers' income increase. This paper uses DEA-Malmquist method to estimate the irrigation and water conservancy efficiency of 31 provinces based on the data from 2001 to 2015. Result shows that the efficiency of farmland water conservancy is different between those areas: the efficiency of northeast is higher than that of east China and central China. Such areas have more agricultural provinces. Irrigation and water conservancy efficiency does not completely match the regional economic development level mainly because of the nonlinear of irrigation and water conservancy efficiency and its influential factors. On the basis of provincial differences of water conservancy efficiency,the paper uses the estimating method of threshold panel estimation to checkout the threshold factors which have impact on the efficiency of farmland water conservancy. The results show that rural economic development level has a significant convergence threshold effect on water conservancy efficiency and mechanical power input has obvious threshold effect on the acceleration of water conservancy efficiency.