基于邻避运动视域的中产阶层功能重新审视——以R市的“核邻避运动”为例

A Functional Review of the Middle Class in the View of NIMBY Movements: Taking the “Nuclear NIMBY Movements ” in R City for Example

国内学术界将"中产阶层"视为社会政治"稳定—缓冲"器的认知看似符合静态的中国社会结构,但就现实而言,却忽略了转型期中国政治社会情境的复杂性和过渡性。近年来,城市中产业主引发的愈演愈烈的邻避运动,更是挑战这一传统认知。基于R市"核邻避运动"的视域,我们发现中国城市中产阶层的社会政治功能在某一特定时间流下会发生转变,甚至出现了"稳定器"和"动荡器"两个相对立的社会、政治功能。而差别阶层特质、中产精英上台等内部中介机制,以及怨愤情绪生产、政府内部分歧等外部中介机制,是中产阶层社会政治功能演化的深层机制。此外,值得注意的是,由于"身份限制"和"制度限制"的二重性,中产阶层的社会政治功能往往并不会演变为"颠覆—异化"器。

In recent years,with the increasing of the NIMBY movements caused by urban middle class.Traditional Chinese academia usually regards the'middle class'as a 'stable and buffer'device of social politics. It seems to be in accord with China 's social fabric,but in reality,it ignores the complexity and transition of Chinese political and social situations during the transition period. Based on a case study of'nuclear NIMBY movement'in R City,it is found that the social political functions of the middle class of the city may change at a particular time, or even appear two opposite states of ' stabilizer ' and'turbulence '. The internal mediation mechanism includes hierarchical class features and the rising-topower elite and,the external intermediary mechanism includes ' the production of resentment ' and'divergences within the government',which is the deep mechanism of evolution of social and political function of the middle class. In addition,it is worth noting that, due to the 'dual identity limit ' and'system limit',the social political function of the middle class often does not evolve into a 'subversive dissimilation'.