窿缘桉叶和果实的挥发性成分分析

Determination of Volatile Constituents in Leaves and Fruits of Eucalyptus exserta

【目的】利用GC-MS对窿缘桉叶、果实的挥发性组分进行定性定量分析。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别从窿缘桉叶、果实中提取挥发油,用乙醚作为溶剂从蒸馏残液中萃取水溶性挥发组分。【结果】窿缘桉叶得油率为0.95%(以鲜质量计),其中挥发油主要成分为桉叶素(38.82%)、α-蒎烯(13.52%)和对伞花烃(12.04%);其蒸馏残液中的水溶性挥发成分主要物质为(1R,2R,3S,5R)-(-)-2,3-蒎烷二醇(14.75%)。果实得油率小于叶,为0.52%(以鲜质量计)。果的挥发油成分主要为β-石竹烯(13.07%),其蒸馏残液中的水溶性挥发成分主要为α-松油醇(25.33%)。【结论】窿缘桉果实挥发油的油相成分中含有大量石竹烯,作为药物原料具有天然优势。

【Objective】The volatile components of Eucalyptus exsertaleaves and fruits was analyzed by GC-MS.【Methods】By the way of steam distillation,volatile components was extracted from the leaves and fruits of Eucalyptus exserta.The water-soluble volatile component was extracted from the distillation residual solution with Diethyl ether as a solvent.【Results】The extraction yield of essential oils from the leaves was 0.95%（on fresh weight basis）.The major constituents of essential oils were Cineol（38.82%）,α-Pinene（13.52%）and p-Cymene（12.04%）.The main substance in water-soluble fraction of the distillation residual solution was（1R,2R,3S,5R）-（-）-2,3-Pinanediol（14.75%）.The oil yield of fruits was less than leaves,and it was 0.52%（on fresh weight basis）.The major constituents of essential oils of fruits was Caryophyllene（13.07%）,and the water-soluble fraction was α-Terpineol（25.33%）.【Conclusion】The results could provide a reference foundation for improving the comprehensive utilization of Eucalyptus exserta.