不同肥料种类及用量对秋季叶菜用甘薯产量与品质影响的研究

Influence of different varieties of fertilizers and dosage on yield and quality of autumnal leaf-vegetable sweetpotato

探讨不同肥料类型与用量对秋季种植的叶菜用甘薯产量和品质的影响,为制定叶菜用甘薯周年种植技术提供依据.选用有机肥、50%有机肥+50%速效肥和速效肥3种不同肥料种类处理,每个处理按m(N)∶m(P_2O_5)∶m(K_2O)=1∶1∶1的比例配比,设5个施肥水平,分别为10.0,12.5,15.0,17.5,20.0kg/666.7m^2.结果表明:速效肥对产量的影响效应最大,有机肥最小;肥料用量处理方面,除速效肥处理第4个水平产量达到最高值外,其余2种肥料处理均表现为随着施肥水平的提高产量也随之提高.叶菜用甘薯单次采摘产量随采摘次数的增加逐渐上升,但不是平稳线性的,本试验出现了2次产量跃升,对获得高产有较大的影响.通过对不同处理及不同水平叶菜用甘薯品质的分析,借助产量与品质协同分析方程确定选用速效肥,施肥水平以17.5,20.0kg/666.7m^2最优,叶菜用甘薯产量与品质存在一定的趋同性.

In order to provide the basis for year-round cultivation techniques of leaf-vegetable sweetpotato,the influences of different kinds of fertilizers and dosage on yield and quality of autumnal leaf-vegetable sweetpotato were investigated.Three kinds of fertilizers：organic fertilizer,50% organic fertilizer＋50% active fertilizer,and active fertilizer were chosen,amomg them m（N）∶m（P_2O_5）∶m（K_2O）=1∶1∶1;and designed five fertilizing levels：10.0,12.5,15.0,17.5 and 20.0kg/666.7m^2.The results showed that active fertilizer has the most influence on yield,and organic fertilizer＇s influence is the least.Active fertilizer by using 17.5kg/666.7 m^2 level reached the highest yield.And for the other two kinds of fertilizer,the yields of leaf-vegetable sweetpotato were found to increase with the fertilizing amount.Picking times were also closely related with the yield,which had great influence on achievement of high yield.With the use of the yield and quality of collaborative analysis equation,it is suggested that adopt active fertilizer and the fertilizing amount of 17.5,20.0kg/666.7m^2 were the optimal selection for yield and quality of leaf-vegetable sweetpotato.That the quality of leaf-vegetable sweetpotato had a certain homogeneity with the yield were also found.