基于我国第七次北极科学考察——2016年夏季北极海冰厚度观测与特征分析

Arctic sea ice observation and characteristic analysis based on the seventh National Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2016

对比电磁感应仪EM31观测的海冰厚度和人工钻孔实测数据,EM31海冰厚度观测平均误差为14.5 cm,在允许误差范围内,说明EM31适用于北极冰厚观测,通过相关分析表明,测量误差与海冰厚度有较强的线性相关性;各冰站海冰平均厚度从57~246 cm不等,冰厚分布很不均匀,海冰起伏度差异较大,冰脊明显,说明北极海冰受动力作用影响较大;当海冰厚度达到一定程度之后,海冰粗糙度和起伏度大小主要取决于海冰相互挤压程度和海冰本身硬度。

The National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center has participated in the Seventh National Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2016 and completed 36 sections observation at 7 ice stations. The investigation work includes EM31 ice thickness observation, snow thick manual observation and artificial drilling ice thickness observation. Compared the sea ice thickness that measured by EM31 with by manual drilling measurement, the average error of EM31 measured ice thickness is 14.5 cm which is at the allowable error range, indicating that EM31 is suitable for ice thickness observation. The average sea ice thickness of seven ice stations is from 57 em to 246 cm. The spatial distribution of ice thickness is very uneven. The relief degree of sea ice surface between each ice stations is varied greatly. Research results in the paper indicates that the Arctic sea ice is affected mainly by external force. When the ice reached at a certain thickness, the sea ice roughness and relief degree of sea ice surface is depended mainly on the extent of external squeezing and its intrinsic hardness.