社区中老年人四项身体功能评估及相关因素分析

Assessments of Physical Function and Related Factors among Community-dwelling Aged People

目的测量社区中老年人四项身体功能评估指标,并分析其与一般人口学特征和健康状况间的相关性。方法 2016年9月至10月,采用方便抽样的方法,选取武汉市某社区55岁及以上中老年人80名,问卷调查法收集一般情况,并测量握力、5次坐立试验(FTSST)、改良感觉整合平衡测试(mCTSIB)及"起立-行走"计时测试(TUGT)。分析测量结果的相关性。结果 80名全部完成问卷和测试。平均握力值为(27.46±9.66)kg,FTSST平均用时(11.58±4.03)s,mCTSIB异常1人(1.25%),TUGT平均用时(9.05±3.47)s。握力与性别(r=-0.669)、教育水平(r=0.238)、简易精神状态检查(MMSE)评分(r=-0.302)和日常生活活动能力(ADL)(r=-0.344)相关(P<0.05)。FTSST用时与性别(r=0.274)、MMSE评分(r=0.243)和ADL(r=0.321)相关(P<0.05)。TUGT用时与性别(r=0.255)、教育水平(r=-0.362)、家庭人均月收入(r=-0.245)、抑郁自评量表评分(r=0.223)、MMSE评分(r=0.328)、日常生活活动能力(r=0.354)相关(P<0.05)。结论中老年人的握力、FTSST、TUGT三项身体功能水平均与人口学特征存在相关性。一般社区中老年人群中,mCTSIB测试几乎无异常。

Objective To evaluate the physical functions of community-dwelling older adults,and analyze the related factors.Methods From September to October,2016,80 adults over 55-year-old in one community in Wuhan,Hubei,China were selected with convenience sampling.General situation was collected through questionnaires.Physical functions were measured by tests of grip strength,Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test（FTSST）,modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance（mCTSIB） and Timed ＂Up and Go＂ Test（TUGT）.Their correlation was analyzed.Results The average grip strength of the participants was（27.46±9.66） kg;the average time of FTSST was（11.58±4.03） s;there was only one（1.25%） participant observed with an impairment in mCTSIB;the average time of TUGT was（9.05±3.47） s.Grip strength was correlated with gender（r=-0.669）,education level（r=0.238）,the score of Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）（r=-0.302） and activities of daily living（ADL）（r=-0.344）（P〈0.05）.The time of FTSST was correlated to gender（r=0.274）,the score of MMSE（r=0.243） and ADL（r=0.321）（P〈0.05）.The time of TUGT was correlated to gender（r=0.255）,education level（r=-0.362）,income level（r=-0.245）,the score of Self-rating Depression Scale（r=0.223）,the score of MMSE（r=0.328） and ADL（r=0.354）（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The levels of grip strength,FTSST and TUGT are related to the demographic characters in community-dwelling older adults.Little abnormity has been found in mCTSIB.