储热材料研究现状及发展趋势

The new research progress of thermal energy storage materials

储热材料的研究是当今世界研究的热点。本文综述了近几年关于显热储热材料,潜热储热材料,热化学储热材料的材料体系、制备技术及性能特点。对各种储热材料组成、结构、制备工艺、性能特点、存在的问题、应用前景及未来的发展趋势进行了分析讨论。每种储热材料都存在着各自的优点和不足,为了充分发挥材料的优点,尽量避免其缺点,采用制备复合材料的方法是储热材料研究和应用的重要趋势。目前对新型复合储热材料的制备方式主要有:(1)物理和化学方法制备微/纳米胶囊相变材料;(2)宏观包裹法;(3)混合烧结法制备定型复合相变材料;(4)吸附浸渍法制备复合相变材料等,本文对这些复合储热材料的研究和应用趋势进行了论述。

The study of thermal storage materials is popular all over the world. This article reviews the latest research progress of the material system, preparation technology and performance characteristics of sensible thermal storage materials, latent thermal storage materials and thermochemical thermal storage materials. The composition, structure, preparation process, performance characteristics, existing problems, application prospects and future developing trends of the thermal storage materials were discussed. Each material has its advantages and disadvantages. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the materials and keep their advantages, development of composite material is the new trend in the research and development of thermal energy material. Current preparation technology of novel composite materials are： ① Preparation of microcapsule/Nano capsule using physical and chemical methods;② Macro-encapsulation method; ③ Preparation of shape-stabilized composite phase change material using mixed-sintering method; ④ Preparation of composite phase change material using impregnation method. The research and application trends of composite thermal storage materials are discussed in this paper.