米色脂肪与疾病的关系及其意义

The relationship between beige fat and disease and its significance

人体中除了储存能量的白色脂肪外,还有特化的产热型脂肪组织,包括经典棕色脂肪和米色脂肪两种。不同于啮齿类动物经典棕色脂肪的终身存在,人类的经典棕色脂肪组织成人期会退化几乎消失,但米色脂肪在寒冷刺激、过量儿茶酚胺或β肾上腺素能受体激动剂等处理后分散存在于白色脂肪中并代谢产热,可能在开发针对肥胖及其相关的2型糖尿病治疗靶点方面发挥潜在作用。因此,本文对现阶段米色脂肪与肥胖、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤等疾病的关系研究进行简单回顾,并对其进行分析和总结,为米色脂肪的进一步研究和应用奠定基础。

Besides energy-stocking white adipose tissue, there are two types of thermogenic adipose tissues including classical brown adipose tissue and beige adipose tissue. Human classical brown adipose tissue may regress by adulthood and almost disappear, which is distinct from rodent animal life-through existence. Beige adipocytes sporadically reside with white adipocytes and emerge in response to certain environmental cues, such as chronic cold exposure, excess catecholamine or β-adrenergic stimulation. Beiging of adipose tissue may play a potential role in developing an attractive therapeutic target for obesity and obesity-associated diseases, including type 2 diabetes. In this paper, we review, analyze and summarize the present research on the beige fat and obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, tumor and other diseases, for the further research and application of beige adipose tissue.