电厂脱硝氨区运输管道泄漏危险与消防安全设计分析

Analysis on Leakage Risks of Denitration Ammonia Pipeline of Power Plants and its Fire-safety Design

减少氮氧化物(NOx)排放量,是当前环境部门乃至全社会最重要的工作之一,我国各电力集团、发电公司对已建机组逐步进行脱硝改造,新建火电机组同步建设脱硝装置。火电厂脱硝氨区装置工艺中的氨气运输管道工序,因泄漏方式和外部环境不同,会产生不同形式的火灾、爆炸和中毒。以某火力发电厂氨区为例,从氨气运输管道发生泄漏事故后,氨气的泄漏量、爆炸能量、爆炸伤害半径、毒害区域等方面进行探讨,建立氨气运输管道爆炸事故后果及危害模型,分析电厂氨区氨气运输管道的消防安全设计,力求为解决此类工程消防安全问题提供借鉴。

As the main source of air pollution,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxide is one of the most important tasks of the environment department and even the whole society. Power plants no matter old or new are required to install denitration facilities in which ammonia must be piped. Due to leakages and unsafe external environment,a variety of fires,explosions and poisonings may happen. Taking the ammonia pipeline leakage at a power plant as an example,this paper introduces the creation of an aftermath and damage model of the ammonia pipeline explosion based on the detailed analysis of the volume of ammonia leaked,explosion energy,explosive damage radius and poisoning areas,then discusses the fire safety design of ammonia pipeline to provide reference for fire safety engineering of such power plants.