光杆论元的生成语法研究

The Generative Linguistic Study on the DP Structure of Bare Nouns

本文针对汉语中的光杆名词(论元)现象,在Abney(1987)的"DP式分析"、Cheng&Sbeysma(1999)的"量词中心语假说"的研究基础上,在最简单主义的生成语法研究范式下对名词乃至限定词语类的研究提出补充和修正。本文在沿袭DP式分析和Longobardi(1994)的N-to-D移位假说的理论研究方法下,在对英语、汉语等语料进行句法比较分析之后,提出汉语光杆名词由其指称及句法分布特征区分为特定性光杆名词与非特定性光杆名词,非特定性光杆名词应当分析为[Num P]以解释其句法表现的问题;特定性光杆名词应当分析为限定词词组(DP),作为DP的光杆名词中存在N-to-D移位。因此,光杆名词具备多重解读现象的产生机制是由于汉语缺乏显性的(overt)限定词,从而导致句法机制采取移位(Movement)等手段作为补救措施。在详细列举不同特性的光杆名词在句法分布上的异同之后,本文对光杆名词的可能性句法结构进行了分类研究,并指出了功能语类作为认知句法研究的重要基础意义。

This thesis tries to propose a syntactic explanation to the bare nouns within the Generative Grammar paradigm. Based on the previous studies of the bare nominal structure in Chinese,this thesis tries to give a further study of the syntax of the bare nouns in Chinese. In this study,the bare nouns are generally grouped into DP and NP for their distinctive distribution. The various interpretations and distributions of bare nouns are due to the complexity of the functional structure in Chinese nominal domain. In bare nouns as DP,there exists the N-to-D movement and the movement is caused by the [– interpretable]features of the Op,which should be eliminated for the derivation of the bare nouns to converge. The＂probe goal and matching＂theory is also applied to explain the derivation of the bare NPs within the minimalist theoretical framework.