240名北京市区医务工作者药膳和食疗认知度调查研究

Cognition on Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy among Medical Staff in Beijing

目的探讨北京市城区医疗机构中的中、西医医务工作者对药膳、食疗认知度的现状及差异。方法设计相关26个问题,对北京市4个城区(朝阳区、东城区、西城区、海淀区)中的240名中、西医医务人员进行问卷调查及运用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果北京市4城区中、西医医务工作者对药膳食疗养生保健功能认可度高,其中,对药膳感兴趣者分别为89.3%和75.0%;从二者对药膳的正确辨识度来看,药膳定义选择正确率为87.1%和61.0%、药膳和食疗关系正确率为58.6%和39.0%;二者药膳认可率为89.3%和75.0%、药膳服用率为57.9%和40.0%;认为药物剂量和食用频率均需控制者为89.4%和71.0%;上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);二者在了解药膳途径(学校学习52.1%和电视节目49.0%)、服用药膳频率(不拘时服52%和1~2次/周50%)、制作药膳参照评价(药膳书籍67%和朋友传授55%)的最优选择不同,差异也均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。95.8%中、西医医务工作者对药膳同源名单不清楚,但在药膳能否加入有毒中药的问题上认识均尚可,无差异。结论北京中、西医医务工作者,特别是西医医务工作者,对药膳食疗认知情况需进一步提高,应大力开展药膳食疗知识的教育工作,同时推进药膳食疗知识和技能的普及。

Objective To explore the current situation and differences of cognition on medicated diet and dietary therapy between TCM practitioners and medical staff of western medicine in urban areas of Beijing. Methods A self-designed questionnaire with 26 items was used to investigate 240 TCM practitioners and medical staff of western medicine from Chaoyang District, Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, and Haidian District and the survey data were processed by χ2test. Results Survey results showed that healthcare function of medicated diet and dietary therapy won high acceptance in TCM practitioners and medical staff of western medicine from four districts of Beijing city and among them, those who were interested in medicated diet accounted for 89.3% and 75.0%respectively. According to the correct identification of the medicated diet in two groups of medical staff, the correct selection rate of the definition of medicated diet was 87.1% and 61.0% respectively; the correct rate of the relationship between medicated diet and dietetic therapy 58.6% and 39.0%; the acceptance rate of medicated diet in two groups 89.3% and 75%; the rate of having medicated diet 57.9% and 40.0% and 89.4% of the TCM practitioners and 71.0% of medical staff of western medicine regarded that the dose and frequency of the medication needed to be controlled（all P〈0.05）. The source of understanding medicated diet（52.1% from school learning and 49.0% from TV）, frequency of having medicine diet（at any time accounting for 52% and 1~2 times per week 50%） and reference for making medicine diet（from medicated diet books accounting for 67% and from friends 55%） indicated statistical significance（P〈0.05） and 95.8% of the interviewees acquired inadequate knowledge on the homology of medicine and food but had sufficient acceptance on whether toxic Chinese herbs could mixed with medicated diets. Conclusion Cognition on medicated diet and dietary therapy in TCM practitioners and medical staff of western medicine in Beijing should be improved, especially among medical staff of western medicine. It is important to conduct education of medicated diet and dietary therapy in a wide-range and popularize related knowledge and skills.