社区失智老人居家照顾者照护技能培训效果研究

Effects of Caregiving Training for Family Caregivers of Senile Dementia Patients in Community

目的探讨对社区失智老人居家照顾者实施照护技能培训的效果。方法通过调查上海市某社区失智老人居家照顾者照护技能现状及需求,并基于循证医学与专家论证,制定"失智老人居家照顾者照护技能培训方案"。选取失智老人居家照顾者39名,按照"失智老人居家照顾者照护技能培训方案"实施为期3个月的培训。采用自行设计的失智老人居家照顾者照护技能调查问卷、世界卫生组织生活质量简表进行干预前后评估。结果干预后居家照顾者照护技能得分、生活质量得分均明显高于干预前(t=10.710,t=7.778),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论规范化的照护技能培训,可以有效提高社区失智老人居家照顾者照护技能,提升照顾者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effects of caregiving training for family caregivers of senile dementia patients in community. Methods Eighty family caregivers of senile dementia patients were investigated about their caregiving competence and care demands, then a training program for family caregivers of senile dementia patients was completed based on the investigation, evidence-based medicine and experts ＋ consultation. Seventy-eight family caregivers of senile dementia patients in community were randomly assigned into intervention group and control group, with 39 cases in each group. Caregivers in control group received routine community management, and those in intervention group were trained with the training program. Family caregivers ＋ outcome was measured by a self-designed caregiving competence questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF. R e s u l ts After the intervention, the score of caregiving competence in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group （t=10.710, P〈0.01） and the score of WHOQOL-BREF also higher than that of control group （t =7.778, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Standardized training improves caregiving competence of family caregivers of dementia patients and improves their quality of life.