实景实时感受支持的城市街道景观视觉评价及设计

Streetscape Visual Assessment and Design Supported by Real-time In-Situ Experience

文章选取凯文·林奇和唐纳德·阿普尔亚德20世纪60年代关于快速移动车辆中的环境认知研究为例,结合神经认知学原理,对其图式分析的方法进行了重新解析。尽管该方法对其后的城市设计、风景园林规划设计特别是公路景观设计研究有着深远的影响,但由于此方法较为繁杂,一定程度上限制了其成果在规划设计实践中的直接应用。文章的重新解读将其图式系统按照视觉、知觉2条皮质层通路的不同功能重新组织,有效简化了其逻辑结构,为其在实践中的应用创造了条件。在认知心理学的基础上,采用实验手段为进一步通过神经生物反馈测量人们的环境感受提出修改建议。

This paper reinterpreted based on cognitive neuroscience the graphic analysis syntax of the highway study on environmental cognition in fast moving vehicles conducted by Kevin Lynch and Donald Appleyard in the 1960 s.Although their study has had a significant impact on the research in relation to urban design,landscape planning and design,and especially road landscape design,their direct application in planning and design is limited,probably due to its complex graphic analysis syntax. The reinterpretation,i. e.,organizing the graphic analyses under the two fundamental cognitive functions in different cortex pathway during visual cognition,simplifies the logic organization,and therefore somehow facilitates its application in practice. Based on the cognitive psychology,experiments were designed using neurobiological sensors to predict human affective reactions,and design proposals were then suggested to improve environmental experiences.