战后国内法院对日审判研究——以伯力审判为例

On the Post-war Trial to Japanese War Criminals in Domestic Court——Taking the Khabarovsk Trial as An Example

战后审判中,东京审判作为最重要的对日审判因诸多原因"遗忘"了日本细菌战罪行。1949年,苏联滨海军区军事法庭在伯力城举办了唯一一次专门针对日本细菌战罪行的国内法院审判。伯力审判依据苏联最高苏维埃主席团1943年4月19日法令和苏联刑事诉讼法对山田乙三等12名罪犯判处2年到25年不等的禁闭刑罚。伯力审判诉讼过程完整、判决依据充分,尽管略有局限,但为国际刑法的国内法院司法实践提供了有先例、可实施的司法选择。

As the most important practice of post-war trial,the Tokyo Trial forgot the bacterial war crime of Japanese invaders for many reasons.In 1949, the military court in the Soviet Union littoral military district held a domestic court trial in Khabarovsk, which aimed at judging the bacterial war crime of Japanese invaders.By the law passed by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet and soviet criminal law, the court sentenced Otozo Yamada and other 11 criminals to 2-25 years in prison.The Khabarovsk Trial has a fully litigious process and sufficient basis.Despite somewhat limitation,it is a good example to judge international criminals in domestic court.