种植体周围炎发病率及相关因素的研究

Research on the morbidity and risk factors for peri-implantitis

目的探讨种植体周围炎的发病率及相关因素,为预防和治疗种植体周围炎的发生提供依据。方法收集大连市友谊医院2007年1月至2015年12月974例行口腔种植修复的患者病例资料。其中确诊种植体周围炎患者182例为炎症组,未发生种植体周围炎患者792例为无炎症组。对相关因素进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析,探讨种植体周围炎发生的独立危险因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,饮酒、吸烟、文化程度、糖尿病、牙周病史、种植体使用时间、种植体咬合情况、角化牙龈情况、种植部位及定期洁牙与种植体周围炎的发生有关。将单因素分析后有统计学意义的相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示,吸烟、饮酒、糖尿病、牙周病史、种植体使用时间及不定期洁牙是种植体周围炎发生的独立危险因素。结论影响种植体周围炎发生的相关因素多为患者自身因素;在行种植修复时要严格遵循其适应证;对种植体周围炎高风险患者除了应加强卫生宣教外,还应掌握各种卫生保健知识,并做到定期复查,早期发现、早期治疗。

Objective To analyzethe morbidity and risk factors for peri - implantitis in order to provide the evidences for prevention and therapy of peri - implantitis. Methods The admission notes of patients with dental implantation and prosthesis were collected from January 2007 to December 2015 in Dalian Friendship Hospital. 182 cases with confirmed peri - implantitis were divided into group A, and 792 cases without peri - implantitis were divided into group B. Univa- riate and multivariate analysis were conducted to explore the independent risk factors of peri - implantitis. Results By univariate analysis, drinking, smoking, diploma, diabetes, periodontal history, service time of implant, implant occlu- sion, keratinized gingival, planting site and regular cleaning teeth were relevant to the occurrence of peri -implantitis. Significant variables in the univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis and we found that smoking, drinking, diabetes, periodontal history, service time of implant and irregular cleaning teeth were the in- dependent risk factors of peri - implantitis. Conclusion Individual factors are main risk factors forperi - implantitis. Operation indications should be strictly followed. In addition to strengthening health education, the patients with high risk of peri - implantitis should also understandvarious health care knowledge. Regular follow - up after operation is necessary to detect and treat peri - imlantitis in time.