莱布尼茨《单子论》的现实世界探析——兼论现实世界与可能世界的分野

On the Real World of Leibniz's "Monadology"——On the Division of the Real World and the Possible World

在莱布尼茨《单子论》中,现实世界是单子的集合。那么,现实世界的存在具体意味着什么?现实世界与可能世界的本质区别是什么?包含无穷分析的偶然真理以单子为表象是本质上区别现实世界和其他可能世界的条件。在此基础上,可以对研究路径做进一步拓展和推论,现实世界是具有表象功能的单子在现实时空中的当下存在,可能世界则是单子可能的结合与表象。神预知了单子的组合与表象,并且神选定的组合与表象是最佳的。这样,现实世界就是神预知预定的具体实现,单子的表象则构成了对于神预知预定的认知。

According to Leibniz＇s ＂Monadology＂, real world is a collection of monads. So what does the real world＇s existence mean？ What is the essential difference between the real world and the possible world？ Contingent truths containing infinite analysis are manifested by monads, which is the essential condition differentiating the real world and other possible worlds. On this basis, the research path can be further expanded. It can be deduced that the real world is the existence of monads in the real time and space which has a manifestation function, the possible world is the possible combination and manifestation of the monads. God predicts the combination and manifestation of the monads, and the combination and manifestation selected by God is optimal. In this way, the real world is the concrete realization of God＇s prediction, and the manifestation of the monads constitutes the cognition of God＇s prediction.