超氧化物歧化酶的研究进展

Progress in the research of superoxide dismutase

超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)是抗氧化酶类的重要成员,是生物体有效清除活性氧的主要酶类之一,是抗氧化系统的第一道防线,在需氧生物普遍存在,多位于生物体细胞的细胞质、线粒体以及叶绿体中。本文从SOD的发现、分类与分布、作用机理、分子结构与功能、起源与进化及应用等方面综述SOD的研究进展,并对SOD的进一步研究进行展望。

Superoxide dismutase（SOD） is an important member of the biological antioxidant system and one of the key enzymes that are responsible for the efficient removal of reactive oxygen species. As the first line of defense in the antioxidant system, it is almost ubiquitous in all forms of aerobic lives and is commonly distributed in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and chloroplasts. This paper reviews the progress in SOD research from its discovery, classification and distribution to its mechanism of action, molecular structure and function, origin and evolution as well as application. The outlook for SOD study is also discussed.