妊娠期糖尿病危险因素及对妊娠结局的影响

Risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus and its influence on pregnancy outcome

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病危险因素及对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取苏州科技城医院(以下简称"我院")妇产科2016年6~12月收治的60例妊娠期糖尿病的产妇为观察组,选取我院同期收治的50名正常孕妇为对照组,比较两组产妇的妊娠结局。同时对妊娠期糖尿病患者的产科危险因素,如孕次、产妇、流产次数等进行分析。结果观察组的妊娠期高血压、羊水过多、产后出血、剖宫产发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的巨大儿、早产、胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄、孕次、流产次数、孕期体重增重是妊娠期糖尿病的产科危险因素(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病的产妇母婴结局较差,年龄、孕次、流产次数、孕期体重增重是孕妇发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素,应该在孕期给予产妇积极的产科干预,以减少妊娠期糖尿病的发生。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus and its influence on pregnancy outcome. Methods Sixty cases of pregnant women with gestational diabetes admitted to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital（ ＂our hospital＂ for short） from June to December 2016 were selected as observation group, 50 cases of normal pregnant women admitted to our hospital at the same period were selected as control group, the pregnancy outcome was compared between the two groups. At the same time, the obstetric risk factors of patients with gestational diabetes, such as pregnancy, maternal, abortion were analyzed. Results The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, polyhydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section in the observation group was higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The incidence of fetal macrosomia, premature delivery, fetal distress in the observation group was higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Multi factor Logistic regression analysis showed that,the age, the times of pregnancy, the number of abortions and the weight gain during pregnancy were the risk factors of the obstetric risk factors（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes is poor. Age, pregnancy times, abortion times, weight gain during pregnancy are the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to give active obstetric intervention to reduce the occurrence of gestational diabetes.