诸城市城镇森林景观格局及动态变化分析

Analysis on Urban Forest Landscape Pattern and Its Dynamic Changes in Zhucheng City

在3S技术的支持下,应用景观生态学的理论和方法,借助景观空间格局指标定量分析了1991—2016年4期诸城市城镇森林景观格局及其动态变化。结果表明,诸城市城镇森林景观总面积呈先减少再增加的趋势,景观格局的破碎化程度加剧,景观多样性和分布均衡性均有所增加。5类城镇森林景观类型中,农田森林景观主要分布在诸城市西部、北部及中部平原地带;山丘森林景观大部分集中在诸城东南部丘陵地带,少部分在西部分布;居住区森林景观分布比较均匀;水系森林景观主要沿境内潍河水系、百尺河等分布;道路森林景观占比较少,呈线条状分布特征明显。1991—2016年间,水系森林景观破碎化程度有所缓解,其余景观类型破碎化程度加重;山丘森林景观与水系森林景观聚集度较高,但呈下降的趋势;道路森林景观与水系森林景观的连通性较好,且水系森林景观的连通性呈增加趋势,其余类型连通性均变差。本研究可以为城镇森林景观的分类、可视化操作及合理布局等提供有益的借鉴。

With the support of 3S technology,4 periods of urban forest landscape pattern and its dynamic changes in Zhucheng City from 1991 to 2016 were quantitatively analyzed by using the theory and method of landscape ecology. The results indicated that the total area of urban forest landscape in Zhucheng City showed a trend of first decrease and then increase, the fragmentation of landscape pattern was intensified, and landscape diversity and distribution evenness were increased. Among five urban forest landscape types, the farmland forest landscape was mainly distributed in the western, northern and central plains of Zhucheng City, most of the massif forest landscape were concentrated in the hilly areas of the southeastern part of Zhucheng City and small part was distributed in the west,the distribution of residential forest land-scape was relatively uniform,the waterside forest landscape was mainly distributed beside the Wei River,Baichi River and others, the road forest landscape had less proportion, and showed a line-like distribution characteristics. During the period of 1991 to 2016, the degree of fragmentation of waterside forest land-scape was alleviated, while the rest were aggravated; the aggregation index of massif forest landscape and waterside forest landscape was higher, but it showed a trend of decline; the connectivity of road forest landscape and waterside forest landscape was better,and the connectivity of waterside forest landscape was increasing, and the connectivity of the other types was worse. This study can provide a useful reference for the classification, visualization and rational distribution of urban forest landscape.