施用硫酸铵对饲料玉米养分吸收和产量构成的影响

Effects of Ammonium Sulfate on Nutrient Uptake and Yield Components of Forage Maize

【目的】研究等氮量情况下,硫酸铵和尿素在为饲料玉米供应氮素方面是否存在差异。【方法】设置4个处理,测定基础土壤有机质、pH、速效N、P、K,饲料玉米成熟期各处理0~20 cm土壤速效N含量,饲料玉米各器官养分吸收量,饲料玉米产量。【结果】处理OPT下速效氮含量最低,处理FT下速效氮含量最高;不同处理下穗轴干物质无显著差异,玉米叶、整株干物质、茎干物质、穗皮和籽粒均有差异;施用硫酸铵肥料能够显著促进饲料玉米对N、P_2O_5、K_2O的吸收;在相同施氮量条件下,施用硫酸铵显著促进了饲料玉米对P_2O_5的吸收比例,对K_2O的吸收比例明显低于CF、OPT和OPT处理;不同处理间饲料玉米穗行数、行粒数无显著差异;等氮条件下,施用硫酸铵肥料能够增加饲料玉米产量,全程供氮时能够显著增产。【结论】与尿素相比,在等量供氮条件下,施用硫酸铵肥料能够增加饲料玉米产量。

[Objective]To clarify whether the amount of nitrogen, ammonium sulfate and urea are differ-ent in the supply of nitrogen for forage maize.[Method] 4 treatments were set up to determine organic matter, pH, available N, P and K of foundation soil, the available N content of 0 - 20 cm soil in mature period, the nutrient content of soil, main nutrient absorption, and com yield of forage maize.[Result] The results showed that the available nitrogen content under OPT was the lowest, while the available nitrogen content under FT was the highest; Although there was no significant difference between the dry matter of maize leaves and the whole plant, the leaf dry matter, stem dry matter, ear skin dry matter and grain dry matter were different ; The application of ammonium sulfate fertilizer could significantly promote the absorption of N, P2 05 and K2 〇 ; The ammonium sulfate could significantly prompt the absorption ratio of P2〇 5 with the same amount of nitrogen ap-plication; The absorption ratio of K20 was significantly lower than that of CF, OPT and OPT treatments; There were no significant difference between forage com rows per ear and kernels per row; Under the condition of e-qual nitrogen, applying ammonium sulfate fertilizer could increase the yield of forage maize and increase the nitrogen supply during the whole per iod. Conclusion Thus, Compared with urea, ammonium sulfate fertilizer could increase the yield of forage maize under the condition of equal nitrogen supply.