深埋软岩供水隧洞蠕变特性研究进展

Progress in the Deep Soft Rock Creep Characteristics of Water Tunnel

水利水电建设及跨区域调水工程最为常见;具有强度低,孔隙率高,吸水性好,易风化,且具有突出的水理性(遇水软化、膨胀、崩解)和显著的流变特性。结合水利工程及深部软岩工程灾变规律及控制难题,详述了供水隧洞软岩的水理特性、力学特性、蠕变机理、蠕变量计算及本构模型研究进展,梳理了软岩力学特性研究现状,展望了相关有待研究的方向。

Soft rock is a fine grained sedimentary rock which is the most widely distributed stratum on the surface of the earth whose original constituents are clays or muds. Water conservancy and hydropower construction have been or will be constructed over it. It’s noticed by the characteristics of low strength,high porosity,absorption,easy to weathering,prominent water physical characteristics（ water softening,swelling,disintegration） and significant rheological properties. This paper considers the disaster rule and the control difficult questions of hydraulic engineering and the deep soft rock engineering,the water physical characteristics,mechanical properties,creep mechanism,calculation of creep variables and creep constitutive model of soft rock are described in detail. Finally the present state of study on the mechanical properties of soft rock is reviewed and the related research directions are discussed.