杏鲍菇菌糠发酵床对断奶仔猪的影响

Effect of Fermentation Bed with Mushroom Bran Substrate of Pleurotus Eryngiion Weanling Pigs

本试验旨在研究杏鲍菇菌糠作为发酵床垫料对发酵床温度、断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和消化酶活性的影响。选择120头体重8.0±0.5kg的"杜长大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,对照组:50%锯末+50%稻壳;试验组Ⅰ:100%菌糠;试验组Ⅱ:15%锯末+15%稻壳+70%菌糠;试验组Ⅲ:25%锯末+25%稻壳+50%菌糠;试验组Ⅳ:35%锯末+35%稻壳+30%菌糠。结果表明,试验组发酵床表面温度与对照组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ发酵床下20cm处温度明显升高(P<0.05);除试验组Ⅳ外,其余各组与对照组相比,断奶仔猪平均日增重明显增加(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ平均日采食量明显增加(P<0.05);试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ与对照组相比,均显著降低了断奶仔猪的腹泻率和死亡率(P<0.05);与对照组相比,除试验组Ⅳ外,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ均显著提高了断奶仔猪十二指肠内容物脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶的活性(P<0.05)。提示菌糠可作为发酵床垫料,促进仔猪生长,降低养殖成本,试验组Ⅲ是最佳的垫料配比。

Effects of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngiias bedding litters on fermentation bed temperature,growth performance,diarrhea rate and digest enzyme activity of weanling pigs were investigated,and the optimal proportion of the bedding litters was also determined.A total of 120 weanling pigs（Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire）with average initial body weight of 8.0±0.5kg were allocated to five dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for 42 days,each of which was replicated three times with eight pigs per replicate（half male,half female）.The bedding litters for control group are ：50% sawdust＋50% rice husk;experimental group Ⅰ：100% spent substrate;experimental group Ⅱ：15% sawdust＋15% rice husk ＋70% spent substrate;experimental group Ⅲ：25% sawdust＋25% rice husk ＋50% spent substrate;experimental group Ⅳ：35%sawdust＋35% rice husk ＋30% spent substrate.The results showed that compared with the control group,surface temperature of fermentation bed was not significant（P〈0.05）.Compared with the control,the temperature under 20 cm of fermentation bed for experimental group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ significantly increased（P〈0.05）.Except experimental group Ⅳ,other three experimental groups had higher（P〈0.05）average daily gain and experimental group Ⅰ had higher（P〈0.05）average daily feed intake compared to control.The diarrhea rate and death rate of weanling pigs of experimental group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly decreased compared with the control（P〈0.05）.Compared with control,other three experimental groups had higher digest enzyme activity in duodenal contents except experimental group Ⅳ.Spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii can be used as fermentation bed litters and the optimal proportion was experimental group Ⅲ.