主动配电网灾害恢复模型

A service restoration model for active distribution network after disasters

以自然灾害为首的极端事件造成的电网故障显著区别于一般随机设备故障,其恢复过程受负荷压频特性和分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)下垂特性影响大。为此,建立了1种主动配电网灾害恢复混合整数规划模型。该模型以恢复负荷最大为目标,通过合理安排各具有黑启动能力DG出力,操作一系列开关,形成以单DG为电源和就近负荷构成的微电网,并满足负荷压频特性、DG下垂特性、潮流约束、拓扑约束、DG出力和电压安全等条件。采用修改的IEEE 37节点配电系统测试验证了所提模型,结果表明:负荷压频特性和DG下垂特性对故障恢复影响巨大,总恢复负荷差异高达18.0%;忽略DG下垂特性,将导致恢复电网频率和节点电压越限,难以对负荷进行正常供电;忽略线路参数频变特性对恢复效果作用极小,还可大幅提高模型计算速度。

Outage caused by disasters is significantly different from general random failure.The restoration process is seriously influenced by load characteristics and droop characteristics of distributed generation（DG）.Therefore,a service restoration model for active distribution network after disasters,which is a mixed integer programming model,was established.The objective of the model was restoring the maximum load through arranging reasonably DG outputs and operating a series of switches,forming microgrids including a single DG and its nearby load.The restoration satisfied the constraints,such as load characteristics,DG droop characteristics,power flow,network topology,DG output and voltage security,etc.This model was tested and validated by modified IEEE 37 system.Numerical results showed that load characteristics and DG droop characteristics had huge impact on restoration.The difference of total restoration load is as high as 18%.Ignoring the droop characteristics would lead to frequency and voltage over limited,even it is hard to provide normal load service.Ignoring the frequency characteristics of line parameters not only have little effect to restoration,but also improve calculation speed drastically.